Know the difference
Answer-first notes for Central Government employees and establishment sections. Open any comparison for the practical rule position and official references.
Workplace welfareStatutory vs Non-Statutory CanteensA statutory canteen is required by applicable labour law; a non-statutory canteen is created administratively as an employee-welfare facility.DisciplineWarning vs CensureA warning is an administrative caution; censure is a formal minor penalty under the CCS (CCA) Rules.DisciplineRemoval vs DismissalBoth are major penalties that end service; dismissal ordinarily disqualifies future Government employment, while removal does not.RetirementPremature Retirement vs Voluntary RetirementPremature retirement here means an authority-initiated public-interest review; voluntary retirement is exercised by the employee under an applicable rule.Recruitment and promotionDepartmental Promotion Committee (DPC) vs Staff Selection Commission (SSC)A DPC assesses eligible serving employees for promotion; SSC conducts notified recruitment examinations and recommends selected candidates.Labour lawEmployee vs WorkerEmployee is the broader label under the Industrial Relations Code; worker is a protected, work-based category with specific exclusions.Government businessAllocation of Business (AoB) Rules vs Transaction of Business (ToB) RulesAoB identifies which Ministry or Department owns a subject; ToB governs how that business is consulted upon, approved and decided.DisciplineSpeaking Order vs Penalty OrderSpeaking describes a reasoned form of decision; penalty describes its disciplinary result. The same order can—and should—be both.Pay and penaltiesWithholding Increments: With vs Without Cumulative EffectCumulative effect leaves future pay behind after the penalty period; without cumulative effect limits the loss to the penalty period and then restores normal progression.Audit and financeInternal Audit vs External AuditInternal audit supports management from within the organisation; external audit provides independent scrutiny under a constitutional or statutory mandate.